How to Use a Tension Rod

Steps

Method 1

Installing a Tension Rod

1. 1

   Measure the space between 2 facing surfaces.

   A tension rod needs to be placed in between 2 hard, flat surfaces that face opposite one another, such as the space between 2 closet walls, 2 cabinets, or in a window frame. Use a measuring tape to measure the distance between these 2 surfaces so that you know what length to get.

   • Even though tension rods are adjustable, they can only expand so much. You may need to buy a longer rod.

2. 2

   Purchase a rod that's longer than your measurement.

   Tension rods lose their strength as you expand them. If you were to expand a tension rod to its full length, it won’t be able to hold up very much weight at all. As such, you should buy a rod that's longer than what you need when fully expanded.

   • For example, if you need to fill a 5 ft (1.5 m) space, get a rod that can expand up to 7 feet (2.1 m).
   • Check the weight capacity of your tension rod as well. If you will be hanging heavy items from it, you will need something with a larger weight capacity.

3. 3

   Push the tension rod through a curtain, if desired.

   If your window is very wide, adding 2 curtain panels might be more convenient. In either case, make sure that the entire curtain is on the rod and that the ends are exposed; you don’t want to trap the ends of the curtain when installing the rod.

   • Alternatively, slide curtain rings onto the rod; you can use the clips that are attached to the rings to hang your curtain later.
   • You don't need to do this step if you won't be adding curtains.

4. 4

   Twist both ends of the tension rod to unlock it.

   If you take a look at your rod, you'll notice that it is actually made up of 2 rods that are set into one another. Grab hold of the rod to either side of the center seam. Twist the thinner rod clockwise or counterclockwise to unlock it; the direction may vary from brand to brand.

   • Hold onto both ends firmly after you unlock it. Don't let the rod expand wider than the space you need to fill.
   • If you put a curtain on your rod, scrunch the curtain towards the middle so that you have something to grab on to.

5. 5

   Slide the tension rod between the 2 walls and let it expand.

   If you need to, push both ends of the rod towards the middle. Slide it into the space between your 2 walls, then loosen your hold on the rod so that it can expand.

   • The spring inside the rod will push the ends away from each other. This tension will cause the rod to become wedged between the 2 walls.
   • If you added curtain rings earlier, now is the time to clip the top of the curtain to the hooks that are attached to the rings.

6. 6

   Remove the rod by compressing it.

   Hold 1 end of the tension rod and pull it down first; this should be enough to loosen it so that you can pull it out. If it doesn't, press both ends of the rod towards the middle to compress it, then pull it down.

   • If the rod is still stuck, ask someone to compress it for you while you pull down on it.
   • To store the rod, compress it all the way, then twist the narrower rod counterclockwise or clockwise to lock it.

Method 2

Organizing in Your Kitchen

1. 1

   Add a rod under your sink, then hang spray bottles from it.

   Open the cabinet beneath your kitchen sink. Place a tension rod horizontally inside the cabinet, then hang your cleaning detergents from it.

   ^[1]

   • This only works for cleaning detergents that come in a spray bottle. The trigger will act like a hook.
   • Hang the rod high enough so that you have room under the spray bottles for other items.
   • Maximize your storage by adding a small pail, basket, or caddy. Place items like sponges or scrubbies inside.

2. 2

   Place rods vertically between 2 shelves to create slots for baking sheets.

   Stand 2 tension rods vertically between 2 shelves. The first rod should be 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) from the edge of the self. The second rod should be 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) from the back of the shelf. Repeat this process to create more slots, then slide cutting boards and baking sheets between the slots.

   ^[2]

   • How far apart you keep the tension rod pairs is up to you. You need them to be far enough to fit a cutting board or baking sheet. About 3 to 4 inches (7.6 to 10.2 cm) should be plenty.

3. 3

   Use tension rods in deep drawers to organize lids.

   Open up a kitchen drawer that is deep enough to store your lids. Insert a few tension rods, about 3 to 4 inches (7.6 to 10.2 cm) apart to create slots. Slide your desired lids vertically into the slots, like files into a filing cabinet.

   ^[3]

   • You can insert the rods across the width of the drawer or down its length. It's up to you.
   • How far down the drawer you place the rods is up to you. About 1/3 to 1/2 way down is ideal.
   • Use the front half of the drawer to store the lids, and the back half to store the matching pots, pans, or Tupperware containers.
   • You can use this technique to store other items too, like rolls of aluminum foil or plastic wrap.

4. 4

   Elevate spice jars with a tension rod to save space.

   Open up your cabinet and arrange your spice jars in a row along the back. Insert a tension rod just above jars, then stand more spice jars on top of it.

   ^[4]

   • If the spice jars won't stand up on the tension rod, move the rod forward by about ¹⁄₄ to ¹⁄₂ inch (0.64 to 1.27 cm) to create a small gap. The jars will tilt back into this gap.
   • You can create more "shelves" by adding more rows of tension rods.

5. 5

   Use a tension rod as a paper towel rack under a cabinet.

   Slide a roll of paper towels onto the rod first, then place the rod horizontally under a cabinet. Expand the rod until each end is braced firmly against the adjacent walls. You can also use this to store kitchen towels above a sink.

   ^[5]

   • Make sure that you hang it low enough so that you can unravel the paper towels without them scrapping against the bottom of the cabinet.
   • If you are using this as a hand towel rod, you can hang other items from the rod too, like spray bottles and scrubbies.

Method 3

Organizing Other Rooms

1. 1

   Use a tension rod to store rolls of paper or ribbon.

   Slide a roll of wrapping paper onto the rod, then place the rod between 2 shelves or walls. Repeat the process with rolls of ribbon, then place it below or above the wrapping paper.

   ^[6]

   • Stagger the rods. The lower rod should be closer to you, while the upper rod should be further back and closer to the wall.
   • Maximize your craft storage by hanging baskets from the rods. Place items like scissors or tape into these baskets.

2. 2

   Put several rods into a closet and use them as a shoe rack.

   You will need 2 rods for each row of shoes. Place 1 rod towards the back of the closet, about 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) from the wall. Place the second rod about 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) below it, and towards the front of the closet. Set your shoes on top of the rods, with the toes pointing forward.

   ^[7]

   • The exact distance between the rods depends on the length of your shoes. The smaller your shoes are, the closer together the rods should be.
   • If your shoes have heels, you can create a steeper angle between the 2 rods, because the heels will hold onto the first rod.

3. 3

   Use a tension rod to display your scarves, bags, or jewelry.

   Add some S-shaped shower hooks onto a tension rod, then place the rod into your closet. Use the hooks to hang things like scarves, bags, or necklaces.

   ^[8]

   • If you are using scarves, you can hang them directly onto the rod without hooks. Keep them in place with slipknots.
   • A slipknot is where you fold a scarf in half, tuck the folded end behind a rod to make a loop, then pull the tails through the loop to tighten the knot.

4. 4

   Maximize your closet storage with tension rods and shelving units.

   Place a shelving unit into the middle of your closet, right against the back wall. Place a tension rod to the left of the shelf, near the top, and a second rod towards the middle. Repeat this with another set of rods to the right of the shelf.

   ^[9]

   • Use the shelf to store folded garments, like jeans and T-shirts. Use the rods to hang nicer garments, like blazers and dress shirts.
   • How much space you leave between the tension rods depends on the length of your clothes. Hang them high enough so that the hems of your clothes don't bunch up.
   • The width of the shelving unit is up to you, but something that's about one-third the width of your closet would be ideal.

5. 5

   Add a tension rod to your bath or shower to store extra products.

   Place this tension rod against the wall, so that it is opposite to the shower curtain. Add S-shaped shower hooks to the rod, then hang your loofahs, scrubbies, and other items from the hooks.

   ^[10]

   • Hang a mesh shoe pocket organizer from 2 hooks, then fill the pouches with shampoo and conditioner bottles.
   • The shoe organizer must be made from mesh, otherwise it will collect water and develop mildew.

Method 4

Finding Other Uses for Tension Rods

1. 1

   Hide clutter with custom curtains.

   Measure the height and width of the space you want to cover, such as under a bed or desk.

   Sew a curtain panel

   according to these measurements, then slide it onto a tension rod. Insert the tension rod under the bed or desk legs, then adjust the curtain to your liking.

   ^[11]

   • Instead of sewing 1 long panel, sew 2 to 3 narrower panels. This will make it easier to access the things you need.
   • This works great for bunk beds, shelves, and entertainment cabinets. You can even use it in place of closet doors.
   • If you have a cat, place the litter box under a table, then cover the sides of the table with your makeshift curtains.

2. 2

   Place a tension rod in a sunny window and hang plants from it.

   Slide small metal pails onto a tension rod, then place the rod into a sunny window. Place potted herbs into the pails for an instant, mini herb garden!

   ^[12]

   • Don't plant the herbs directly into the pails as they don't have good drainage. Put them into smaller plastic pots first, or leave them in the pots that they came in.

3. 3

   Convert a deep drawer into a filing cabinet with 2 tension rods.

   Place 2 tension rods inside a deep drawer, 1 on each side. Get some hanging file folders meant for a filing cabinet, and place them inside the drawer; the hooks will sit right on the rods.

   ^[13]

   • Place the rods down the length of the drawer on the left and right sides. Don't place them towards the front and back.
   • The rods need to be high enough so that they can hold up the folders. About 10 inches (25 cm) from the bottom should be enough.
   • Thin, slender rods will work the best for this. Don't use thicker ones, or they will create too much bulk.

4. 4

   Attach a tension rod to both sides of a curtain to create a pet barrier.

   Decide on the height of your pet barrier, then sew a curtain panel that has a pocket on both the top and bottom edges. Slide a tension rod through each pocket, then insert it into your doorway. If you need to, use thumbtacks to secure the sides of the curtain to your doorframe.

   ^[14]

   • The bottom edge of the curtain must have a pocket and be attached to the bottom rod, otherwise your pet will just crawl under it.
   • Use 1 panel for this, not 2, otherwise your pet will find a way to crawl between the panels.
   • The barrier needs to be tall enough so that your pet can't climb over it, but low enough so that you can step over it.

5. 5

   Slide a tension rod through the handles of drawers to baby-proof them.

   Simply close all of your drawers, and slide your tension rod vertically down through all of the handles. Keep in mind that this only works with drawers that have C-shaped handles, and not with knobs.

   ^[15]

   • This is best for drawers that you don't use regularly, as you will need to remove the tension rod each time that you want to open them.
   • This is also a great solution for nosey pets who have learned how to open drawers.

Community Q&A

Add New Question

• Can I use blackout curtains?

  wikiHow Contributor

  It depends on the strength/tension of the rod. If the curtains are too heavy, they could slide, with the rod, to the floor.

• My new "Inter Design adjustable tension rod " is locked in place and will not twist at all to shorten. How do I unlock this feature? It's 24-42" and I expanded it to put on the shower curtain.

  You will need to twist the rod and the fittings on the ends to the opposite direction either clockwise or counterclockwise. You must use two wrenches or pliers to do this when it is locked tight in place. Use one to tightly grip the rod on one side and hold it firmly while you pull the other towards you and twist the adjusting screws. Avoid pushing away from you because you could injure your knuckles if you lose grip or the jammed rod suddenly breaks free or loosens. Note that some tension rods are spring loaded and must be pushed in to compress.

• Why does my tension rod keep falling down?

  wikiHow Contributor

  It's possible that you bought a rod that's too short. Tension rods lose tension the longer you make them. Try getting the next size up.

• Does it matter which direction (small/large) the rod faces in a shower?

  wikiHow Contributor

  No, it does not matter. Since oyu will be rotating the thinner end clockwise or counterclockwise, choose an orientation that is easiest for you to manage. For example, if you are left-handed, orient the rod so that the thinner side is on the left.

• How do I put shower liner and shower curtain up?

  wikiHow Contributor

  You should be able to fit both on the same rod. Simply attach the curtain rings to both the curtain and the liner, then slide the rings onto the tension rod. If this is too heavy, you may need to use 2 rods: 1 for the curtain and 1 for the liner.

• Is it ok to install the tension shower curtain rod on the drywall portion for my bath tub?

  wikiHow Contributor

  Yes, but try to place the ends of the rod over a wall stud. Tension rods can dent dryway if there is too much pressure.

Ask a Question

Tips

• If you're worried about a rod slipping, screw a plastic bottle caps onto the walls first, then set the rod into them. They will act as cups or brackets to hold the rod up.^[16]
• If you need to, use a stepladder or a stepstool to reach the area you want to add the tension rod.
• Tension rods come in all sorts of colors and finishes. Choose the one that matches your room.
• In general, thicker tensions rods are best for heavy-duty jobs, like holding up curtains. Thinner tension rods are better for lightweight jobs, like creating dividers.

Warnings

• Tension rods can dent drywall. Place them over studs, or insert brackets.^[17]

Article Info

Featured Article

Categories: Hanging Curtains

In other languages:

Русский: использовать натяжной стержень, Español: utilizar una barra extensible

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How to Fix Vinyl Scratches

Edit Article

Three Methods:Using Wood GlueCleaning Away DirtProtecting Your VinylCommunity Q&A

While there is no foolproof way to repair scratches on vinyl, you can try using wood glue to remove dust and even out the surface of your record. Clean your record with a dry brush, liquid cleaning solution, or a toothpick to remove additional dirt and debris. To prevent scratches, always hold your record from the edges and store it properly when not in use. If your record still skips after cleaning it a few ways, you may need to purchase a new one.

Steps

Method 1

Using Wood Glue

1. 1

   Apply wood glue over the entire record as it spins on your turntable.

   Place the tip of your wood glue at the edge of your inner label, and squeeze the bottle with light pressure. As the record spins, continue squeezing out the glue so it creates lines around your record. Stop when you reach the outer edge. You should have thin, even lines over all of your record.

   ^[1]

   • Your record will have stripes of glue following the circular grooves of the vinyl.
   • If you squeeze out too much glue on the vinyl, that's okay. You will even out the amount of glue. However, if you use too much towards the outer edge, use a paper towel to wipe up the excess.
   • If you are worried about getting glue on your turntable, you can apply the glue to the record on a table instead. The spinning of the turntable helps spread the glue across your record.

2. 2

   Use a piece of cardboard or cardstock to spread the glue.

   Take a piece of cardboard or cardstock about 2 inches (51 mm) wide, and touch it to the outer edge of your record. Let your record continue to spin, and the glue will spread out and cover the record as it moves. Then, lift up on your card and place it at the inside of your record to spread out all of the glue.

   ^[2]

   • You can leave your hand stationary and let the spin of the record spread the glue for you.
   • You will have a smooth, even surface of wood glue covering the entirety of your record.

3. 3

   Stop your turntable and let your the glue dry for around 24 hours.

   You can leave your record on your turntable overnight. To see if the wood glue is dry, you can gently touch the outer edge of the glue with your finger. If it still feels sticky, let it sit for 1-2 more hours and try again.

   ^[3]

   • You can also leave your record on a piece of newspaper to dry if you do not use a turntable.

4. 4

   Peel away the dried wood glue starting at the outer edge of your record.

   Using your index finger and your thumb, pull up on the outer edge of the wood glue. Then, lift up with steady, consistent force to peel away all of the glue. Remove the glue slowly and gradually to try to pull it up in 1 piece.

   ^[4]

   • If your wood glue does not peel in 1 solid layer, that’s okay! Lift up at another edge and peel away the glue until it is completely removed.
   • Avoid touching the surface of your record as you peel away the glue.

5. 5

   Play your record to test the sound.

   Put the arm of your turntable onto your record and power it on. Listen to your record, and the part of the song that used to skip may play clearly now. Wood glue can help your vinyl by capturing even the toughest dirt and dust.

   ^[5]

   • Keep in mind that using wood glue does not guarantee your record will be fixed.
   • The wood glue provides a thorough clean of the entire record by removing any dirt and debris and smoothing over uneven vinyl surfaces.
   • If your record still skips, try another coat of wood glue or another vinyl cleaning method. You could also search online for a professional vinyl restorer near you.

Method 2

Cleaning Away Dirt

1. 1

   Use a dry vinyl brush to remove surface dirt and dust.

   Place your record on your turntable and turn it on. While the record spins, lightly hold the brush on the surface of your record to sweep away any impurities and static build-up. Keep your brush on your record for 1-3 spins, then angle your brush at the edge of your record and slowly remove it.

   ^[6]

   • Most record brushes have 2 rows of bristles, 1 to sweep of the dust, and 1 to remove static.
   • Be sure to clean your brush after each use. That way, you do not spread debris to and from your cleaning brush.
   • While this will not erase scratches, it will help your turntable pick up as many grooves in your record as possible, helpful to avoid skipping parts of the song.

2. 2

   Purchase a record cleaning kit to use professional cleaning products.

   Visit a music store or search online to find a kit. Most come with a liquid cleaning solution, directional brush, and smaller brush used to clean the directional brush. Then, follow the specific directions outlined in your kit’s instructions to clean away surface debris.

   ^[7]

   • Your directions will likely have you apply the cleaning solution, then use the brush to sweep away extra dirt.

3. 3

   Make your own cleaning solution to deep clean on a budget.

   Combine ¼ cup of 90-99% isopropyl alcohol, ¾ cup of distilled water, and 1 or 2 drops of dishwasher fluid in a spray bottle. Place your record on a microfiber cloth, and spray the solution on your record. Wait 30 seconds to let the liquid fill the grooves, and wipe away the liquid with another microfiber cloth. Then, soak another microfiber cloth in distilled water, and wipe off both sides of your record.

   ^[8]

   • This will remove fingerprints and grime that a record cleaning brush cannot pick up.
   • Avoid spraying the label of your record.
   • You can repeat the process for both sides of your record to thoroughly clean away dirt and dust.

4. 4

   Rub a toothpick back and forth over the scratches with soft pressure.

   Locate the scratches of your record, and angle 1 wooden toothpick at the scratch. Apply a little pressure, and rub back and forth on the scratch. Do this for any and all scratches on your vinyl. Rubbing the scratch with a toothpick helps get into the small cracks and lift up stubborn debris.

   ^[9]

   • Take your time when cleaning with a toothpick and be careful not to scratch other areas of your record.
   • This may not fix the scratch, but it can help remove any surface debris from your vinyl.

Method 3

Protecting Your Vinyl

1. 1

   Place your record in its inner sleeve after you finish listening to it.

   Plastic sleeves come in either paper or plastic material. When you finish listening to a record, carefully slide your record in between both sides of material as a first line of defense.

   ^[10]

   • Your vinyl will come with an inner sleeve when you purchase it. You can also purchase replacement sleeves online or in music stores.

2. 2

   Store your record in its outer sleeve when not in use.

   When you purchase a record, it comes in a cardboard outer sleeve. You can also purchase replacement plastic sleeves. After you place your record into its inner sleeve, slide it into its outer sleeve. The outer sleeve adds another layer of defense.

   ^[11]

   • If your outer sleeve is worn and you can see the ring of your record, consider purchasing a replacement plastic outer sleeve.

3. 3

   Designate a shelf or crate for your record collection.

   When you expand your record collection beyond 1 or 2 records, it is important to

   keep them safe

   to prevent damages. You can securely keep your record either on a shelf or in a crate, and always store them vertically.

   ^[12]

   • You can purchase a shelf or crate at a home store or online. You can also make your own!
   • Keeping your records in piles can warp the records or the covers.

4. 4

   Avoid touching any part of your vinyl besides the edges and inner label.

   Handing your record correctly prevents scratches, dirt, and fingerprints from appearing on your record. The grooves of your record are delicate and contain the musical information to play the songs, so do your best to not touch them.

   ^[13]

5. 5

   Close your turntable’s lid if you have one to prevent airborne dust.

   Some turntables have an attached lid. When you are finished listening to your vinyl, flip the lid overtop of the turntable to keep out dust and debris.

   ^[14]

   • Keeping your turntable free of dust is helpful because it lowers the risk of transferring dust onto your record.

Tips

• Keep your record out of direct sunlight, heat, or cold areas. Drastic temperatures can warp your record and cause inconsistent playback.

Warnings

• Never clean your record with rubbing alcohol, lighter fluid, furniture polish, toothpaste, or steel wool. All of these can cause permanent damage to your vinyl.^[15]

Article Info

Featured Article

Categories: CD and Vinyl Record Craft Projects

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How to Prune Knockout Roses

Knockout roses are a relatively low-fuss variety that can make a welcome addition to any yard or garden, but they do require a little seasonal pruning in order to grow healthy and beautiful. Cut back your roses extensively at the beginning of spring, and shape them up as needed throughout the rest of the year. Give them one final light pruning before they go into dormancy and they’ll be ready to return full force the next year.

EditSteps

EditPruning Roses Correctly

1. Grab a pair of sharp bypass pruners. Bypass pruners cut like scissors, making them preferable to anvil-type pruners, which have a tendency to crush the stems as they cut. Nice, clean cuts are essential to maintaining the health of the plant.^[1]
   
   • If you don’t have a pair of pruners handy, you could also use full-sized hedge clippers or trimmers. Whatever tool you use should be nice and sharp and able to make clean cuts.
   • When you need to cut canes larger than about in diameter, switch to a set of larger loppers.^[2]
   • Disinfect pruners with rubbing alcohol or bleach diluted with water to sterilize them.
2. Wear gloves to protect your hands and arms. In order to prune your knockout roses safely and effectively, you’ll need to pull on a pair of rugged elbow-length gardening gloves. Your gloves should be thick enough to safeguard your skin from any thorns growing on the bushes.^[3]
   
   • Don’t attempt to prune your knockout roses without some kind of protective covering—a pair of standard wrist-length gardening gloves is better than nothing.
3. Disinfect your pruners before you get started. While you’re pruning your roses, stop periodically to dip them into a container filled with cleaning solution. Any all-purpose household cleaner will do the trick. Making sure your cutting blades are properly sanitized lowers your chances of accidentally spreading disease from one plant to another.^[4]
   
   • Get in the habit of disinfecting your pruners regularly, whether you’re trimming a little or a lot.
   • Alternatively, you can use a solution made up of 70% rubbing alcohol diluted in water.
4. Cut the canes at a 45-degree angle. Make your cuts roughly above an outward facing bud, with the slant pointing away from the bud. This helps promote new growths to grow outward rather than inward. This technique should be used regardless of the time of year or size of the growth you’re pruning.^[5]
   
   • Angled cuts help water run off the stem and reduces the chance of fungal rot.
   • Cutting too close to the bud could shock it, while cutting too far away might leave too much old growth behind, forcing the plant to direct valuable resources to canes that are no longer able to produce new buds.

EditPerforming Major Pruning in Early Spring

1. Wait until the second or third season of growth to cut back your roses. By holding off until your roses have neared their full size, you can ensure that they’ll be able to withstand having whole sections removed. A mature knockout rose should be about tall by wide before you begin hacking at it.
   
   • A fully-grown knockout rose will require the most pruning around mid-February to early March. Young roses, by contrast, only need to be touched up throughout the growing period to remove dead or dying growth.^[6]
   • Knockout roses can often go as long as 2-3 years between major prunings, depending on how rapidly they grow and how big or small you like to keep your plant.
2. Prune your roses as soon as the buds break dormancy. Look for small buds to begin forming along the stems of the plant. If the existing buds have swelled up but no new growth has appeared, it means the roses are ready to prune.^[7]
   
   • The main pruning period for knockout roses is in late winter or early spring, just as the plant prepares for another season of growth.^[8]
   • You can still prune your roses even if new growth has already begun. Buds might start forming early if the winter was especially mild. In this case, snip the growth back to the first dormant bud.
3. Start by cutting away overlapping canes. Clip one or both canes as needed to get the plant’s interior structure growing straight and vertical. Creating some separation between the canes prevents them from rubbing against one other, making the plant look neater and promoting stronger, more lasting growth.^[9]
   
   • By reducing the density of your rose bushes early in the season, you can make sure they continue putting out neat, attractive growth all year long.
   • Thinning out overlapping canes and stems also promotes better air circulation through your rose bushes, making them less vulnerable to fungal diseases.^[10]
4. Remove one-third to one-half of the plant’s overall size. You can cut healthy shoots back considerably without worrying about harming the plant. Doing so will prevent your roses from putting too much energy into maintaining an overabundance of foliage. As a result, it will produce more flowers.^[11]
   
   • Keep in mind that your knockout roses will grow vigorously after being pruned. As a general rule, you’ll want to cut them shorter than you would ultimately like them to end up.^[12]
   • Be careful not to get too overzealous with your pruning. Trimming more than half of the healthy, mature canes could cause the plant to struggle to regrow lost foliage, stunting its growth.
5. Trim your bushes to the desired height and width. Maintain the appearance of your knockout roses by giving them a gently rounded, dome-like shape. Be sure to snip any stems or offshoots that extend far enough beyond the foliage on the outer edges of the bush to stand out.^[13]
   
   • To improve air circulation and control the spread of diseases in warmer weather, try trimming your bushes into a rough ‘V’ shape, leaving them open in the middle.^[14]

EditMaintaining Your Roses During Late Spring and Summer

1. Do some corrective pruning throughout the peak growing season. Shaping up your rose bushes sporadically as they fill out will encourage them to put more of their resources toward producing beautiful new buds. With a little attention here and there, you’ll begin to see more dramatic flower production by the time the days start getting shorter.
   
   • Avoid heavy prunings during the heat of the summer. Your roses will already be somewhat stressed due to the heat, so losing too much healthy growth only weakens them further.
2. Remove damaged and diseased wood. Any sections of the plant showing signs of disease should be dealt with immediately to prevent the condition from spreading. Similarly, old, brittle wood invites harmful pests, fungi, and bacteria to attack the plant, and should also be cut back as soon as possible.^[15]
   
   • Throughout the growing season, the primary purpose of pruning is to keep your roses healthy and active. This can be achieved by removing any unhealthy-looking parts of the plant that could become an issue if left alone.
3. Deadhead dead and dying blooms to extend the bloom season. Deadheading is the practice of snipping off spent or failing flowers in order to make room for new ones. Snip the stem down to first group of five leaflets below the flower cluster. In a few short weeks, another round of blooms will appear in their place.^[16]
   
   • In most cases, you’ll be making your cuts approximately below the flowers themselves.
   • During extreme heat, only cut back to the first set of leaves rather than going further down the stem.
   • Deadheading is essential for improving both the health and aesthetic quality of your knockout roses.
4. Aim for a uniform appearance. If a few fast-growing shoots exceed the length of the surrounding shoots, trim the longer sections to restore the plant to an even length. Repeat this process on all visible sides of the bush. Otherwise, it can quickly overtake its surroundings and begin looking unruly.^[17]
   
   • In addition to vertical growth, new growth will also expand outward and below the plant in the spring and summer. This "leggy" undergrowth should also be kept short.

EditTrimming Your Roses Before Winter

1. Prune 1 final time if desired before the first frost of the year. Ideally, you should aim to have your pruning done by the end of summer or the first couple weeks of fall, when the weather is still warm. Once it gets cold, new growth will begin to taper off as the plant prepares to enter dormancy.^[18]
   
   • Stop pruning your knockout roses in early fall at the latest. Any new growth they put out after this time may not harden off in time for winter.^[19]
   • Your roses will benefit from getting a little rest before the next growing season.
2. Clear away dead wood. Just like you did in the summer, inspect your knockout roses carefully once more to identify and cull weak, sick, or dying canes. Otherwise, disease could spread throughout the bush unchecked, kill it off completely by the time winter sets in.^[20]
   
   • At this point, it’s advisable to remove as little of the plant’s overall size as necessary.
   • Avoid disturbing younger canes. You don’t want to accidentally stimulate new growth that will just die off and weaken the plant.^[21]
3. Reduce the overall height of your rose bushes. Just before your roses retire for the season, you can trim up to one-third off their total height. Focus on excess growth that doesn’t contribute to the general shape of the bush. If there are any long, non-flowering stems sticking out from the top or sides, be sure to see to these as well.^[22]
   
   • If your roses just barely managed to reach their ideal height during the peak growing season, a little light corrective pruning will be best.
   • Fall pruning is not a major ordeal, and many gardeners even choose to skip it altogether.

EditTips

• Knockout roses can triple in size during their peak growing season. Keep this in mind when deciding on a preferred height and shape for your bushes.
• Rather than simply discarding clipped canes that boast attractive flowers, stick them in a vase and put them on display in your home.
• Have a wheelbarrow on standby to haul off your clippings when you’re done.

EditThings You'll Need

• Bypass pruners
• Hedge clippers, trimmers, or loppers (optional)
• Elbow-length gardening gloves
• Cleaning solution (for disinfecting pruners)

EditSources and Citations

Cite error: <ref> tags exist, but no <references/> tag was found

How to Get Rid of Lower Back Pain

If you're suffering from lower back pain, you're not alone. As many as 80 percent of adults experience persistent lower back pain at some point in their lives. Fortunately, most lower back pain can be eliminated with simple treatments that don't have to cost you any money at all. Exercising to improve the strength and flexibility in your back and core, combined with a few simple lifestyle changes, may be all you need to feel like new again.^[1]

EditSteps

EditAlleviating Your Pain

1. Soothe the pain with cold therapy. Place an ice pack on your lower back for about 20 minutes during the first 2 days you're experiencing pain. Wrap the ice pack in a towel or an old t-shirt so that it doesn't have direct contact with your skin. You can do these 20-minute sessions as often as once every 2 hours.^[2]
   
   • If you don't have an ice pack, you can use a bag of frozen vegetables. Another trick is to soak a sponge in water, put it in a plastic bag, and freeze it. Then wrap that in cloth. You might want to use a second bag to prevent leaks.
   • Using an ice pack for more than 20 minutes can burn your skin or damage your nerves.
2. Switch to heat after 2 days. If your lower back pain persists, heat can help improve circulation to the area to stimulate healing. Heat also disrupts the pain messages your nerves send to your brain, so your back will feel better as a result.^[3]
   
   • Try using a heating pad with adjustable settings. This way, you can adjust the temperature as necessary to meet your specific needs. Just remember to avoid falling asleep with the heating pad on.
   • If you don't have a hot water bottle or heating pad, you can soak in a warm bath. Moist heat is better than dry heat because it will prevent your skin from getting too dry and itchy.
3. Take an over-the-counter medication. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or naproxen (Aleve) can provide short-term relief of lower back pain. They decrease inflammation of the muscles in your lower back, reducing the stimulation of your nerves that is causing the pain.^[4]
   
   • Talk to your doctor if you find yourself using these drugs more than 10 days in a row. Continued use can cause gastrointestinal problems.
4. Try massage therapy. Regular massage therapy can improve circulation and relax your muscles, providing some relief for your lower back pain. While you may feel a difference after just one session, multiple sessions are typically needed for more long-lasting effects.^[5]
   
   • There are more structured or targeted therapies that treat your lower back specifically. However, a general, therapeutic massage will have similar effects.
   • Massage also reduces stress and tension, which can improve your lower back pain.

EditImproving Strength and Flexibility

1. Stretch your hamstrings twice a day. Many people overlook the role hamstrings play in supporting your lower back. If you have lower back pain, tight or shortened hamstrings may be to blame.^[6]
   
   • Lay on your back on the floor, facing a wall or the side of a couch or chair. Raise one leg so that it is extended with the heel resting on the wall or piece of furniture. Stay in this position for 20 to 30 seconds, breathing deeply, then switch to the other leg.
   • You can do a similar stretch with both feet up the wall if you want to stretch both hamstrings at the same time. You may want to place a rolled towel under your lower back for support.
2. Start a walking regimen. Walking is a low-impact activity that is generally easy on your back. If you're new to fitness and exercise, a walking regimen can be a great way to start moving into an active lifestyle. Being more active can improve your health overall as well as decreasing your lower back pain.^[7]
   
   • Depending on your overall fitness level, you may want to start with brief 10- or 15-minute walks. Gradually increase the time and distance of your walks until you are walking for 35 to 45 minutes a day, 3 to 5 days a week.
3. Strengthen your core with planks. Start by lying on your stomach propped up on your elbows with your forearms flat on the floor. Engage your abdominal muscles and raise your body flat off the floor until you are supported solely by your forearms and your toes. Hold the position for 20 seconds to a minute, then lower and repeat.^[8]
   
   • Gradually increase the amount of time you hold your plank to build your core muscles. Your core muscles act as a natural corset to keep your torso erect and your spine straight. The stronger your core is, the less strain you'll put on your back.
4. Add exercises that target your lower back. If you strengthen your lower back muscles specifically, they'll be able to handle a lot more without getting overworked and sore. Simple bodyweight exercises can strengthen your lower back without the need for a gym membership or fancy workout equipment.^[9]
   
   • Knee rolls strengthen the core muscles on either side of your spine. Lie on your back with your arms straight out from your shoulders and your feet flat on the floor with knees bent. Slowly roll your knees to one side, keeping your shoulders flat on the floor. Return to center and repeat on the other side. Do 10 repetitions on each side.
   • Strengthen your pelvic floor muscles with a pelvic tilt. These muscles help support your lower back. Lie on your back with your feet flat on the floor, about hip-width apart. Flatten your lower back to the floor and engage your core. Then tilt your pelvis towards your heels until you feel your lower back lift off the floor. Lower and repeat 10 to 15 times, breathing deeply.
5. Try child's pose to relax and stretch your back. Kneel on the floor with your big toes touching and your knees about hip-width apart. As you exhale, extend your arms overhead and reach forward to fold your torso over your legs.^[10]
   
   • Lower your forehead all the way to the floor if you can. Then you can pull your arms to rest alongside your torso. If you can't lower that far, you can leave your arms out. You may want to place a block in front of you to rest your head.
   • This pose is a relaxing pose. Don't force yourself into an uncomfortable position. Remain in the pose for 30 seconds to several minutes if you feel comfortable.
6. Use cat-cow to improve your spinal flexibility. Start in all fours on the floor with your knees directly below your hips and your wrists directly below your shoulders. Keep your back flat and breathe deeply. On an inhale, press your chest forward and allow your stomach to fall to the floor, arching your back. As you exhale, press your tailbone downward and round your back towards the ceiling.^[11]
   
   • Repeat this exercise 10 to 15 times with a breath for each movement. Try to keep your weight evenly distributed between your knees and your wrists.
   • If the floor is hard on your wrists or knees, you can use a rolled up towel for cushioning and support.

EditMaking Lifestyle Changes

1. Evaluate your posture. Poor posture frequently causes or exacerbates lower back pain by placing more pressure on the lumbar region of your spine. Stand sideways in a natural position in front of a mirror and check the position of your back. If you are hunched over, or have a pronounced arch in your spine, you may find relief by adjusting your posture.^[12]
   
   • Hold your pelvis level, not pitched forward or back. Lower your shoulders so that your shoulder blades are tucked in along either side of your spine. Lift the crown of your head toward the ceiling.
   • Sit up straight in a chair and squeeze your shoulder blades together, then relax. Repeat 10 to 15 times. Do this exercise several times a day to help improve your posture.
2. Stand every half hour. If you sit for hours on end at a desk job, that may be contributing to your lower back pain. Every half hour or so, stand up and walk around for about 5 minutes. This simple effort alone can help decrease your lower back pain.^[13]
   
   • If possible, convert your work station so that you can work while standing part of the time. If your boss won't go for that, see if you can upgrade your chair to one that provides more lower back support.
   • Make sure you're sitting straight with your feet flat on the floor, your shoulders back, and your head straight. Slouching or hunching over can put additional stress on your lower back, causing pain.
3. Adjust your diet. Some foods can alleviate lower back pain, while other foods and drinks can exacerbate it. Potassium-rich foods such as bananas and leafy greens may provide some lower back pain relief.^[14]
   
   • Lower back pain may be caused by constipation. High fiber foods, including fruits and vegetables, can help alleviate constipation and get you back on track.
   • Make sure you're drinking at least 8 ounces of water a day, since dehydration can also play a role in lower back pain.
   • Avoid processed sugar, aspartame, refined grains, caffeinated beverages (particularly sodas), and alcohol.
4. Address any sleep problems you have. Trouble falling asleep or staying asleep often goes hand-in-hand with chronic lower back pain. Often a few simple tweaks to your nighttime habits can improve your sleep quality.^[15]
   
   • Turn off electronics a couple of hours before bed, and don't watch television in bed before going to sleep. If you can't fall asleep in silence, play relaxing music or run a fan for white noise in the background.
   • Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods several hours before bedtime. These substances can disrupt your sleep patterns. If you find you can't go to sleep after 20 or 30 minutes, get up and do something and then try again, rather than laying in bed tossing and turning.
   • If simple changes don't do anything to change your sleep patterns, see a doctor who specializes in treating sleep disorders. There are non-habit-forming prescription sleep medications that may help you.^[16]
5. Get a new mattress. If you find your lower back frequently hurts when you first wake up in the morning, your mattress may be the culprit. If your mattress is sagging, or if it's more than 7 years old, it might be time to look for a replacement.^[17]
   
   • If a new mattress won't fit in your budget, consider investing in a mattress pad or topper. These may help make your bed more comfortable by adding extra padding to the top.
   • You may also be able to remedy the effects of a poor mattress by sleeping in a different position. Try sleeping on your side with a pillow between your knees to keep your spine in alignment.
6. Stop smoking. Smoking decreases the oxygen reaching your tissues, which can cause stiffness and pain. Smokers also have a higher incidence spinal problems such as spinal stenosis, a painful condition where the spinal canal is not large enough for the spinal cord.^[18]
   
   • If you are a smoker and want to quit, talk to your doctor and make a plan. Seeking support from family and friends will increase your chances of success. In the U.S., you can also call the national quit line at 1-800-QUIT-NOW.
7. Take steps to decrease stress. Stress can increase tension in your back, leading to lower back pain. While you may not be able to do anything about the aspects of your life that cause stress, you can develop better ways of handling stress. Consider adding low impact exercise to your daily routine, listening to relaxing music, or simply getting out in nature.^[19]
   
   • Mindfulness meditation and journaling can help people deal with issues in their lives. You might also take up a relaxing hobby, such as coloring, crochet, or needlepoint.

EditVideo

EditTips

• Some medications, including beta blockers and statins, can cause leg and hip aches. Talk to your doctor if you think your medication may be contributing to your lower back problems.
• If you enjoy the mental and physical benefits of stretches such as child's pose and cat-cow, you might want to try a yoga class. There are typically many different classes available, for all ages and fitness levels. You don't have to be thin or super flexible to start yoga, nor do you have to be any particular age.^[20]
• Use massage chair pads to reduce stress and lower back pain.^[21]

EditWarnings

• If your lower back pain persists for more than a couple of weeks, or gets worse, see a doctor immediately. The pain could be a symptom of a more serious problem.

EditRelated wikiHows

• Relieve Chronic Back Pain Naturally
• Work Your Lower Back
• Massage Yourself
• Sit at a Computer
• Treat Lower Back Pain

EditSources and Citations

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How to Start an Organic Garden

Organic gardeners grow healthy, high-quality foods and flowers without using any synthetic chemicals. Organic methods are healthier, better for the environment and wildlife, and are less expensive because there are no chemical fertilizers, pesticides or herbicides to buy. All of this is accomplished by working with nature, instead of against it. Best of all, you can be an organic gardener with only a few square feet of sunny space for your garden. Done right, established organic gardens can be easy to maintain.

EditSteps

EditCreating Your Garden Site

1. Get started early. Get a jump on your gardening effort at any time of year by choosing a site for the garden, buying containers for a container garden, planting seedlings, building garden boxes, and making compost for your garden.
   
2. Choose a small site for your organic garden. Think small, especially at first. Find a spot in your yard that gets at least 6 hours of sun a day.^[1] A well-maintained garden can furnish all of the fresh vegetables that one person will eat.
   
   • Even a window box or a few containers can be a starter garden.
3. Think about using your lawn as a garden. A pristine lawn is a lot of work and, depending on your climate, may require a lot of fertilizer and water to keep green. It's also a mono-culture that is difficult to maintain. At the very least, consider letting clover and other plants in, and don't panic if a few weeds spring up. Consider planting something besides lawn or making your lawn smaller, especially in arid climates.
   
4. Consider a container garden. Try growing in pots, boxes, or buckets on a patio. Even growing herbs in one of your south-facing windows to garnish your favorite dishes and soups is great fun.^[2]
   
   • Even if you don’t have a sunny backyard or patio, you may be able to grow parsley, mints, garlic/green onions, chives, or even small tomatoes this way.
   • buckets can be easily converted to gardening containers by adding a layer of pebbles to the bottom and drilling 3 or 4 holes on the bottom for drainage.^[3]

EditMaking Organic Soil

1. Make a compost pile. Compost is the main ingredient for developing rich organic soil. You can use almost any kind of organic material to make compost that will enrich your soil, but the best things to start with are usually right there in your garden:^[4]
   
   • Fallen leaves
   • Weeds (preferably before they go to seed)
   • Grass clippings
   • Old fruit and vegetable trimmings
   • Don't use anything containing oil, fat, meat, grease, feces, dairy, or wood chips.^[5]
2. Test the pH of your soil. Test the pH of your soil by buying pH test strips from a garden store. Stir a handful of soil with lukewarm distilled water until it's the consistency of a milkshake, then dip the pH test strip in. Hold it there for 20-30 seconds, then compare the strip to the test kit's key.
   
   • The pH (acidity versus alkalinity) of your soil should be somewhere between 5.5 to 7.0 for plants to thrive.^[6]
   • If your soil is too acidic (below 5.5), buy dolomite or quick lime to add to the soil, then retest.
   • If your soil is too alkaline (above 7.0), add more organic matter, like peat moss or compost, then test the soil again.
3. Measure your soil's drainage. Dig a hole in your garden or container wide. Fill the hole with water and wait 24 hours. Then, fill the hole with water again and measure how fast the water drops with a tape measure. The ideal rate is per hour.^[7]
   
   • Adding a few cups of compost or peat moss will help soil that drains too fast and soil that drains too slow.
   • For a less scientific test, moisten your soil and grab a handful of it. The soil should hold together, but fall apart when you poke it with a finger. If your soil holds its shape or falls apart without a poke, add more organic matter (compost or peat moss) to improve its drainage.
4. Add organic soil from your compost heap. The key to organic agriculture is great soil. Add as much organic material to your soil as you can, preferably from your compost heap. Soil that has been built up with plenty of organic matter is good for your garden for a lot of reasons:^[8]
   
   • It will nourish your plants without chemical fertilizers.
   • It is easier to get shovels into—and weeds out of—enriched soil that isn't packed hard.
   • It is softer, so plant roots can penetrate more easily and deeply.
   • It will help water and air spend the right amount of time in contact with roots. Clay soils can be heavy and will stay wet for a long time. Sandy soils can drain water too quickly. Compost mitigates both conditions.

EditPlanting and Maintaining Your Garden

1. Choose plants for your organic garden. Think about what you like to eat and how often you want to eat it. Plants like tomatoes, peppers, and squash will keep producing all year long, while vegetables like carrots and corn will only produce once. Buy seedlings from a garden store or farmer's market.^[9]
   
   • Be sure to buy seedlings that haven't bloomed yet, and make sure to ask if they've been treated with chemicals. To be a true organic garden, your plants should be completely free of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
2. Plant your seedlings in full sun after the last frost. Plant seedlings into your organic, compost-rich soil and set them in areas where they'll receive full sun: at least 6 hours a day.^[10]
   
   • Plant thickly to prevent weed growth. Companion plantings can fill in spaces in vegetable gardens, too, and will help you make the most of a small space. Spaces that are planted thickly enough will discourage weeds from growing between plants that you want.
3. Mulch areas around plants deep. Organic mulches, including bark, wood chips, grass clippings, and mulch, gradually break down and enrich the soil.^[11]
   
   • In the meantime, they control weeds, help to moderate soil temperatures, and slow evaporation, meaning that you can water less.
4. Water your garden in the morning. Water in the morning, when the temperature is cool and there's less risk of evaporation, which will deprive your plants of water.
   
   • Watering in the evening isn't ideal, as it keeps your plants wet overnight and encourages mildew. It's still preferable to watering in the middle of the day, though.^[12]
5. Weed your garden every few weeks. Regularly taking off the green portions of weeds will deprive them of the nourishment they need to continue growing. Weeds are any plant you don't want growing in an area, and may include invasive ornamental or productive plants, such as ivy and mint.^[13]
   
   • Use a hoe and keep it sharp. Try a Dutch hoe or scuffle hoe instead of a conventional gooseneck style hoe. Hoe each area frequently enough to keep green weeds down.
   • Hand weed to remove the roots of perennial weeds that grow back. Also hand weed carefully around established plants, to avoid uprooting the plants you want.
   • Try heat to control weeds in cracks, in the form of steam, a heat gun, boiling water, or even a small blowtorch, carefully applied.
6. Attract helpful creatures by adding seeds, compost, or flowers. Many creatures can help your garden. Arrange the conditions of your garden to encourage them by:
   
   • Putting out seed for birds^[14]
   • Adding compost to your soil to attract worms^[15]
   • Planting alyssum, sunflowers, lemon balm, and parsley to invite beneficial insects^[16]

EditVideo

EditTips

• The key to pest and weed control is to act early and often and keep them from becoming a problem.
• You can use almost any kind of organic material to make compost that will enrich your soil, but try to avoid materials that have been treated with chemicals, like grass clippings which have been sprayed with herbicides and pesticides.
• You can also add leaves and grass clippings directly to your garden as a weed-suppressing mulch, which will enrich the soil.
• Make your planting beds small enough that you can reach the whole thing without stepping on your plants.
• Aphids (tiny soft-bodied crawling insects that multiply in the spring and early summer) can be removed from your plants with a strong stream of water.
• Try the square foot gardening method! You can grow more with less space, you don't need to worry very much about soil, and it reduces weeds.
• Organic gardening differs from conventional gardening because it does not rely on synthetic fertilizers or pesticides. Instead, it relies on healthy soil, careful variety selection, and physical barriers (such as mulch and hand-removal of insects.)
• You don't really need compost bins or tumblers; just pile up your material and wait for it to decompose. If you want to speed things up, "turn" the pile every once in a while to mix it up and incorporate air.
• If insects attack your plants, the best way to control them is to pick them off by hand. Practice crop rotation, permaculture methods and companion planting. These systems can greatly reduce pests, and in some cases render them non-existent.
• Try IPM (Integrated Pest Management); it's an effective way of handling pests. http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/ipm.htm

EditWarnings

• Don't ever use bark mulch. It might look good, but it robs nitrogen from the soil as it rots, and will keep almost anything from growing well. It also attracts termites.
• Don't use the following for your compost pile, even if it's organic:
  
  • No meat, flesh, bones or fat of any kind.
  • No oil or grease.
  • Avoid large amounts of watery fruits or vegetables such as tomatoes, oranges, cucumbers, melons, prepared foods, etc. (press, drain, to dry them some if you want to use them).
  • No feces (poop) from any animal that eats meat, especially from dogs or cats (people too).
• If your house ever had lead paint, lead might be in the soil. Lead leaches out of weathered paint for many years and remains in the soil. Never plant fruit, veggies, herbs, or fruit-bearing trees in the soil next to your house if you know—or suspect—that it was painted with lead-based paint.^[17]

EditRelated wikiHows

• Start an Organic Vegetable Garden
• Hoe Weeds
• Compost
• Build a Tumbling Composter
• Find Free Compost Ingredients
• Use Your Home Built Tumble Composter to Create Rich Compost
• Make a Compost Tea
• Create Urban Rainforests
• Make a Garden With Native Plants
• Compost in a Tumbler

EditSources and Citations

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